| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Endocrinology Unit, School of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, United Kingdom
The highly prevalent metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, along with abdominal obesity) resembles Cushing’s syndrome. However, in simple obesity, plasma cortisol levels are not elevated. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11ß-HSD1), at least in mature adipocytes and hepatocytes, converts inactive circulating 11-keto steroids into active glucocorticoids, amplifying local glucocorticoid action. 11ß-HSD1 is elevated in adipose tissue in obese humans and rodents, suggesting that adipose tissue glucocorticoid excess may explain the conundrum. Indeed, transgenic mice overexpressing 11ß-HSD1 in adipose tissue faithfully replicate the metabolic syndrome. Conversely, 11ß-HSD1-/- mice resist the metabolic consequences of stress and high-fat feeding via insulin sensitisation and other advantageous effects in the liver and adipose tissue. Adipose 11ß-HSD1 deficiency contributes to a protective metabolic phenotype, supporting its role as a therapeutic target for the metabolic syndrome.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  R. S. Ahima and M. A. Lazar Adipokines and the Peripheral and Neural Control of Energy Balance Mol. Endocrinol., May 1, 2008; 22(5): 1023 - 1031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. S. Gounarides, M. Korach-Andre, K. Killary, G. Argentieri, O. Turner, and D. Laurent Effect of Dexamethasone on Glucose Tolerance and Fat Metabolism in a Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model Endocrinology, February 1, 2008; 149(2): 758 - 766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Qatanani and M. A. Lazar Mechanisms of obesity-associated insulin resistance: many choices on the menu Genes & Dev., June 15, 2007; 21(12): 1443 - 1455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Marcolongo, S. Piccirella, S. Senesi, L. Wunderlich, I. Gerin, J. Mandl, R. Fulceri, G. Banhegyi, and A. Benedetti The Glucose-6-Phosphate Transporter-Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 System of the Adipose Tissue Endocrinology, May 1, 2007; 148(5): 2487 - 2495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. S. Ahima, Y. Qi, N. S. Singhal, M. B. Jackson, and P. E. Scherer Brain Adipocytokine Action and Metabolic Regulation Diabetes, December 1, 2006; 55(Supplement_2): S145 - S154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. KYROU, G. P CHROUSOS, and C. TSIGOS Stress, Visceral Obesity, and Metabolic Complications Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., November 1, 2006; 1083(1): 77 - 110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Mariniello, V. Ronconi, S. Rilli, P. Bernante, M. Boscaro, F. Mantero, and G. Giacchetti Adipose tissue 11{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression in obesity and Cushing's syndrome Eur. J. Endocrinol., September 1, 2006; 155(3): 435 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Bruley, V. Lyons, A. G. F. Worsley, M. D. Wilde, G. D. Darlington, N. M. Morton, J. R. Seckl, and K. E. Chapman A Novel Promoter for the 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Gene Is Active in Lung and Is C/EBP{alpha} Independent Endocrinology, June 1, 2006; 147(6): 2879 - 2885. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M G Gnanalingham, A Mostyn, D S Gardner, T Stephenson, and M E Symonds Developmental regulation of the lung in preparation for life after birth: hormonal and nutritional manipulation of local glucocorticoid action and uncoupling protein-2. J. Endocrinol., March 1, 2006; 188(3): 375 - 386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. K. Paulsen, S. B. Pedersen, J. O. L. Jorgensen, S. Fisker, J. S. Christiansen, A. Flyvbjerg, and B. Richelsen Growth Hormone (GH) Substitution in GH-Deficient Patients Inhibits 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression in Adipose Tissue J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2006; 91(3): 1093 - 1098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. N. Hewitt, E. A. Walker, and P. M. Stewart Minireview: Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and Redox Control of 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Activity Endocrinology, June 1, 2005; 146(6): 2539 - 2543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Hosfield, Y. Wu, R. J. Skene, M. Hilgers, A. Jennings, G. P. Snell, and K. Aertgeerts Conformational Flexibility in Crystal Structures of Human 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type I Provide Insights into Glucocorticoid Interconversion and Enzyme Regulation J. Biol. Chem., February 11, 2005; 280(6): 4639 - 4648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. G. Cohen and J. M. Holbrook Postmenopausal Asthma: The Estradiol 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Connection Arch Intern Med, December 13, 2004; 164(22): 2501 - 2501. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. P. Bagby Obesity-Initiated Metabolic Syndrome and the Kidney: A Recipe for Chronic Kidney Disease? J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2004; 15(11): 2775 - 2791. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Berthiaume, H. Sell, J. Lalonde, Y. Gelinas, A. Tchernof, D. Richard, and Y. Deshaies Actions of PPAR{gamma} agonism on adipose tissue remodeling, insulin sensitivity, and lipemia in absence of glucocorticoids Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): R1116 - R1123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Endocrinology | Endocrine Reviews | J. Clin. End. & Metab. |
| Molecular Endocrinology | Recent Prog. Horm. Res. | All Endocrine Journals |
