| Phenotype |
ob/ob |
Human leptin deficiency |
|
| Total body weight |
3X Normal |
Mean BMI sds = 6.2 |
| Body composition |
|
|
| Fat mass |
> 50% |
Mean 57% of body weight |
| Lean mass |
Decreased |
Normal for age |
| Bone mineral content |
Decreased |
Normal for age |
| Food intake |
Increased meal size |
Increased meal size and frequency |
| Energy expenditure |
|
|
| Body temperature |
Decreased in response to cold |
Normal in basal state |
| Basal metabolic rate |
Decreased oxygen consumption |
Appropriate for body composition |
| Physical activity |
Reduced |
Reduced |
| SNS activation |
Basal decreased and refractory to cold exposure |
Reduced in response to cold |
| Metabolic responses |
|
|
| Diabetes |
Fasting hyperglycaemia |
Normoglycaemia |
| Hyperinsulinaemia |
Severe; resistance to exogenous insulin |
Appropriate for degree of obesity |
| T cell-mediated immunity |
Decreased CD4 cells, reduced T-cell proliferation |
Decreased CD4 cells, reduced T-cell proliferation |
| Neuroendocrine function |
|
|
| Reproductive |
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
| Thyroid |
Hypothalamic and ?peripheral effects |
Mild hypothalamic hypothyroidism |
| Growth |
Stunted |
Normal linear growth and IGF-1 levels |
| Adrenal |
Corticosterone excess |
Normal cortisol and ACTH levels |
